Listed below are some common Japanese bonsai terms and their English definitions.

CHOKKAN - formal upright form
MOYOGI - informal upright form
SHAKAN - slanting form
FUKINAGASHI - windswept form
SABAMIKI - split-trunk
SHARIMIKI - driftwood
TANUKI - form where sapling is attached to deadwood/ also known as a 'Phoenix Graft'.
HOKIDACHI - broom form
KENGAI - cascade
HAN KENGAI - semi-cascade
SHIDARE-ZUKURI - weeping
BUNJIN - literati form
NEGARI - exposed root form
SEKJOJU - root over rock
ISHI SEKI - planted on rock
SOKAN - twin-trunk
SANKAN - triple-trunk
KABUDACHI - multiple-trunk
NETSUNAGARI - root connected

YOSE UE - group planting or forest planting
SAKEI - Japanese landscape planting
PENJING - Chinese landscape planting

SHARI - deadwood on trunk
JIN - deadwood branch
NEBARI - trunk base/ surface roots
YAMADORI - collected material
SUIBAN - shallow water tray for display rock plantings

TOKONOMA - traditional Japanese display area
BONKEI - tray landscape containing rocks and small accent plants as well as trees.